Andromeda XXXVI is a newly found ultra-faint dwarf satellite tv for pc galaxy of Andromeda. It was noticed in archival Pan-Andromeda Survey photos by an newbie and confirmed with deep imaging on the ten.4-m GTC (Gran Telescopio Canarias). It lies ~2.5 million light-years away, is extraordinarily faint (absolute magnitude ~–6), and solely about 200 ly throughout. With only a few stars and a large dark-matter element, it’s thought-about a fossil of the early universe.
Discovery and Traits of Andromeda XXXVI
Based on the analysis paper, Andromeda XXXVI was first noticed in PAndAS photos by Giuseppe Donatiello and confirmed with deep OSIRIS/GTC imaging. Its colour–magnitude diagram matches an previous (~12.5 Gyr), metal-poor ([Fe/H] ≈ –2.5) stellar inhabitants. This locations the galaxy ~2.53 million ly from Earth (388 kly from M31). Its absolute magnitude (M_V ≈ –6.0) and half-light radius (~200 ly) make it amongst Andromeda’s faintest, most compact satellites. Spectroscopic follow-up can be wanted to measure its darkish matter mass and ensure its classification.
Implications for Darkish Matter and Galaxy Formation
Just like different ultra-faint galaxies, Andromeda XXXVI is sort of faint however considerably darkish matter-dominated, making it an essential laboratory for testing galaxy formation principle and darkish matter theories. Ought to it type most of its stars earlier than cosmic reionization, Andromeda XXXVI might be termed as “fossil”, with its stars being extraordinarily previous (~12.5 Gyr), and low on metals. It must also be famous that such a discovery aids the understanding of the entire satellite tv for pc inhabitants round Andromeda. For example, based on principle, Andromeda is anticipated to harbour as much as ~100 dwarf satellite tv for pc methods, whereas solely about ~50 have been found to date.
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